Monday, June 14, 2021

Overview of Risk Benefit Analysis in Medical Devices

 


Risk Benefit Analysis is a comparison between the risks of a situation and its benefits. The goal is to figure out whether the risk or benefit is most significant. It’s used often in medicine, because every medical procedure has risks associated with it, and some procedures that could be beneficial actually turn out to statistically cause more harm than good. That’s how medical researchers figure out whether certain procedures are worth doing and what types of people will benefit.

But Risk Benefit Analysis are useful for everyone. Most of us make our decisions fairly subconsciously. By actually thinking about the risks and benefits, we can make better decisions about our lives. When medical device engineers design a new medical device, a Risk Benefit Analysis must be conducted to accurately assess the risk posed by the medical device. A Risk Benefit Analysis takes the probability of occurrence of HARM and the consequences of that harm and justifies those based on the overall benefit of the medical device for the end user.

Role of Benefit Risk Analysis

Risk Benefit Analysis plays a crucial role in the approval of medical devices, hence the organizations having a team of specialists and consultants to analyze the benefits over the risks for a medical device. The specialists and/or consultants having wide knowledge of medical devices design, regulations are capable of comparing the benefits over the risks by providing the proper justifications. At the same they can guide the organization for any modifications in the device, if required, after the Risk Benefit Analysis.

Significance of Risk Benefit Analysis in MDR / IVDR

Risk benefit analysis helps us to estimate the severity of the harms associated with a medical device during the design and development phase. Based on that manufacturer can modify the design, change the materials, or provide more controls for the safety during its use.If the control measures applied to the medical device doesn’t reduce its significance, those risks are considered as the Residual Risks. Risk-Benefit Analysis is done on those residual risks for the determination of its Risk-benefit ratio and its acceptability. 

Risk Benefit Analysis is performed during following stages of CE Marking

As part of risk management through out the life cycle of the Medical Device, all risks should be reduced as far as possible without affecting the risk-benefit ratio. Clinical evaluation should contain the clinical evidence for the risk- benefit analysis. Data gathered during the Post market surveillance to update the Risk- Benefit determination and its continuous reassessment. PSUR shall be updated with the conclusion of the Risk-Benefit determination. The non serious incidents or undesirable side effects should be analyzed for risk- benefit and that have significant impact should be trend reported.

The  benefit  risk analysis is linked with the so-called  evaluation of residual  risks.  The criteria  used  for the evaluation of  the overall residual risks are different  from the acceptability criteria of each single risk. In fact, the criteria used to evaluate individual risks usually include limits for the probability of occurrence of harm with a particular severity. The criteria used to evaluate the overall residual risk are often based on additional elements, such as the benefits of the intended use of the medical device.

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